The exact cause of TMJ disorder is not easy to know, since it can vary from individual to individual. Genetics can play a part, as can stress, jaw injuries, and arthritis. TMJ can cause mild symptoms of discomfort, while it can be painful for others.

Chronic myofascial pain can occur in people with TMJ disorders or in people whose TMJ works normally. Muscle tension, fatigue, misalignment of the jaws, and even spasms can cause it. It is more common in women and it is a chronic disorder.

Chronic myofascial pain creates pressure on sensitive points in your muscles and the pain can spread out to apparently unrelated areas of the body in what is called referred pain. Many times, it occurs after the muscle has contracted in a repetitive manner.

2. What Causes TMJ Disorder and Chronic Myofascial Pain

Trauma to the jaw and temporomandibular joint can play a role in TMJ disorder but the cause is not always clear. Scientists are exploring a link between female hormones and TMJ disorder since women are more prone to this issue than men.

When the small shock-absorbing disk, which allows for smooth movements of the jaw, erodes or does not align correctly, you can get symptoms of TMJ. Another cause can be if arthritis damages the joint's cartilage or if an impact or blow damages the cartilage. There are risk factors, including if you have rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis, and if you have suffered a jaw injury.

TMJ disorder can also appear if you suffer from chronic teeth grinding or if you have disorders that affect the connective tissues that can affect the temporomandibular joint.

Chronic myofascial pain can be caused by injuries and overuse. Fibers can form in your muscles, creating trigger points that cause pain and strain. 

Muscle tightness can trigger the pressure points that create the pain. If you have a muscle injury or muscle stress, or if you have bad posture and make repetitive motions in your daily life, you are at a higher risk of developing chronic myofascial pain. Anxiety can also be a cause since you are more likely to clench muscles when stressed.

3. Symptoms to Watch For

To be able to handle TMJ disorder or chronic myofascial pain, you first have to be sure that it is what you have. Here are some of the symptoms you may experience.

TMJ Disorder

Pain in the jaw or in your face and shoulders can be a symptom of TMJ disorder. The pain can radiate outward. You may also experience popping or clicking when you open and close your jaws, which is usually not painful but may cause a bit of discomfort.

If you feel that your jaw locks or that you have a limited range of movement, this can be another sign of TMJ. Look out for a change in the way your jaws fit together or even for swelling on one or both sides of your face.

Chronic Myofascial Pain

The pain can be intense as well as deep and aching, focused on a muscle but also radiating to other parts of the body. You may also feel a tender knot in a muscle and pain that gets worse and worse. Many people also experience difficulties sleeping because of this pain.

4. Treatment for TMJ Disorder and Chronic Myofascial Pain

Dealing with TMJ disorder is complex because its cause has not yet been pinpointed. Most doctors opt for conservative treatments, which can include pain relievers and anti-inflammatories. Over-the-counter options can work well, but if the pain is too great, there are prescription options.

Another method of treating TMJ disorder is to use tricyclic antidepressants. In low doses, they can help with bruxism and sleeplessness. If your doctor prefers not going with drugs, there are therapies available. Mouthguards or oral splints are a good choice, whether soft or hard devices, and physical therapy can also make a difference.

Exercises to strengthen and stretch the jaw muscles as well as moist heat and ice can offer relief, as well.

If the pain persists, your doctor may recommend surgical procedures like:

• Arthrocentesis, which involves needles inserted into the joint to remove debris
• Injections of corticosteroids
• TMJ arthroscopy, where a small tube is inserted into the joint space as well as an arthroscope and small instruments for surgery
• Modified condylotomy, which is a surgery of the mandible
• Open-joint surgery

For chronic myofascial pain, medications can be the starting point. Your doctor may prescribe pain relievers like ibuprofen or prescription options that are stronger. Many of these medications come in patches you can place on your skin.

Antidepressants can help fro chronic myofascial pain, as well, offering relief from sleeplessness and from pain. Therapy is another option, with stretching, posture training, and more.

For more extreme pain that is not easily resolved, your doctor may prescribe injections of steroids into the trigger points.

Get Relief From Pain

Whether you suffer from TMJ disorder or chronic myofascial pain, you can turn to experts like us at Rice & Associates. We will help you get relief from discomfort and pain.

Request an appointment with us today!